Barley  (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop whose grains are used as malt and fodder. Although it is one of the most important cultural plants in prehistoric times, it is one of the plants with economic importance.

Barley, which ranks 4th after corn, wheat and rice in production among cereals in the world, ranks second after wheat in Turkey.

Today, 65% of the barley cultivated in the world is used as animal feed, 33% as malting, in beer and whiskey production and in biodiesel production, and 2% as human food in the food industry.